Ginger: a representative material of herb-derived exosome-like nanoparticles

Edible plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) provide numerous benefits, including high yield, low cost, ethical compatibility, and multiple health which enable them to address technical constraints associated with mammalian nanoparticles. Herbs, known for their abundant bioactive components, are considered the primary source of natural medicines within plant kingdom. Recently, a number herbaceous sources have been investigated isolation functionality (ELNs). However, they commonly referred as PELNs, distinct pharmacological properties overlooked. In this review, these herb-derived ELNs designated HELNs, novel herbal product that may also exhibit superior activity compared other types PELNs. Among documented ginger-derived (GELNs) most extensively studied. This review employs GELNs an exemplar delineate process extraction purification, together physical biochemical characteristics therapeutic potential. The aim is promote development application future research encouraged uncover additional properties, extending beyond those GELNs.